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Table 22.1. Changes in supply of clinically trained mental health personnel by
discipline and total number of hours worked for specified years
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1983
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1984
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1988
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1989
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1992
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1993
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1994
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1995
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1996
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1997
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1998
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1999
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2000
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2001
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2002
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2003
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2004
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Hours Worked By Discipline
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Psychiatry1
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35 hours or more
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Less than 35 hours (Excluding child psychiatry)
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26,476
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31,173
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32,203
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34,088
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34,970
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35,330
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TOTAL (Including child psychiatry)
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29,853
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35,249
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36,482
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39,197
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40,352
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40,731
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40,867
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41,145
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Psychology
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35 hours or more
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39,955
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48,785
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57,948
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56,224
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59,641
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64,511
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Less than 35 hours
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4,725
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7,745
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11,869
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167,942
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178,152
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20,372
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TOTAL
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44,680
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56,530
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69,817
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730,182
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774,562
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88,491
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84,883
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Social Work
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35 hours or more
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65,880
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Less than 35 hours
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15,857
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TOTAL
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81,737
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86,378
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88,889
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90,303
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93,245
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96,407 (192,814)3
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97,290 (194,580)3
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103,128 (412,512)3
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Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurse4
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35 hours or more
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7,703
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4,248
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11,294
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12,920
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6384
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Less than 35 hours
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2,331
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1,362
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4,036
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3,686
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2367
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TOTAL
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10,034
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34,975
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50,335
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56,105
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68,005
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153,306
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16,606
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8751
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Counseling7
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35 hours or more
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24,864
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25,744
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23,123
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Less than 35 hours
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83,240
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86,187
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77,410
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TOTAL
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61,100
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96,263
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108,104
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111,931
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100,533
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Marriage and Family Therapy8
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35 hours or more
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31,203
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29,852
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25,346
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30,095
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Less than 35 hours
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15,024
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14,373
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21,765
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20,063
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TOTAL
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46,227
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44,225
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47,111
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50,158
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Psychosocial Rehabilitation
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35 hours or more
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29,435
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84,100
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Less than 35 hours
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5,655
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15,900
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TOTAL
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20,909
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35,000
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100,000
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School Psychology9
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35 hours or more
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Less than 35 hours
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TOTAL
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21,012
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21,693
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22,214
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23,782
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24,804
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25,870
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26,482
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31,278
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37,893
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1 The American Medical Association Physician Characteristics
and Distribution in the United States, 2004 Edition, includes physicians who are
self-designated or self-identified as psychiatrists regardless of specialty training.
Psychiatric residents and fellows and inactive psychiatrists have been excluded.
2 These are clinically trained psychologists. Estimates are based on trained
psychologists reporting hours worked.
3 The number in parentheses is the total of clinically trained social workers
from a conservative estimate that the 96,407 and 97,290 National Association of
Social Workers (NASW) members in 1998 and 2000, respectively, are only 50 percent
of the total social work labor force. However, the 2004 figure is based on Bureau
of Labor Statistics data and suggests that the 103,128 NASW members in 2004 represent
25 percent of the total social work labor force.
4 Estimates for 1984 and 1996 were based on employed nurses with graduate
degrees in psychiatric nursing, not on the population of certified nurses. In
1988 it was estimated that there were 10,567 such employed nurses; in 1984 the
estimate was 10,034.
5 Data are based on the total number of PMH-APRNs board certified by the
American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) as of October 2003, including clinical
nurse specialists (adult and child) and psychiatric nurse practitioners (family
and adult). Missing data are excluded.
6 A total of 17,318 were trained, with 1,988 (11.5 percent) estimated
to be nonemployed.
7 Data from National Board for Certified Counselors 1998 State Counseling
Board Survey; comparison with similar States; number of National Certified Counselors;
with growth rate taken from National Certified Counselor data. Full- and part-time
ratios taken from table 22.5.
8 Estimates for 1995 and 1997 were revised to reflect clinically active
MFTs. Previous estimates inaccurately included MFTs who were still in training.
Estimates of hours worked for 2000 and 2004 are based on the 2000 and 2004 American
Association for Marriage and Family Therapy Practice Research Network Project
funded by the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment . Data were collected from
random samples of AAMFT clinical members (Northey, 2002). For years prior to 2000,
the total was distributed into full- and part-time based on data from a survey
of marriage and family therapists in 15 States by Doherty and Simmons (1995).
9 1992–2000 data source: Thomas (2000); 2004 data source: Charvat
(2004).
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