| Type of Change |
All Insured Employers |
Number of Employees |
Plan Fundinga |
Extent to Which Parity Was a Factor in the
Changeb |
| Fewer Than 10 |
10 to 25 |
26 to 60 |
More Than 50 |
Fully Insured |
Self-Insured |
Main or Important
Reason |
One of Many Reasons |
Not a Reason at
All |
Don't Know |
| Change in the Level of Health Insurance Premiums |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Increased |
92.1 |
91.0 |
93.3 |
91.6 |
92.4** |
82.8 |
93.4* |
11.8 |
9.4 |
32.3 |
46.5 |
| Decreased |
2.2 |
4.1 |
0.0 |
1.9 |
1.4 |
5.4 |
1.7 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
| Stayed about the same |
5.8 |
4.6 |
6.7 |
6.5 |
6.2 |
11.8 |
4.9 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Change in the Level of Monitoring of Health |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Increased |
15.9 |
9.9 |
17.2 |
19.5 |
25.4*** |
29.5 |
13.8*** |
1.2 |
7.6 |
13.2 |
78.1 |
| Decreased |
0.7 |
0.0 |
2.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
2.6 |
0.4 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
| Stayed about the same |
83.5 |
90.1 |
80.8 |
80.5 |
74.6 |
67.9 |
85.8 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Change in the Funding of Health Plans(s) from Fully Insured
to Self-Insured |
4.1 |
2.6 |
1.2 |
6.7 |
11.9*** |
0.0 |
27.1*** |
1.7 |
1.7 |
18.0 |
78.6 |
| Change in the Level of Employee Contribution to Premium Expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Increased |
37.7 |
27.6 |
40.3 |
44.9 |
50.7*** |
36.4 |
37.9 |
8.7 |
4.9 |
37.9 |
48.5* |
| Decreased |
4.1 |
3.6 |
4.9 |
4.4 |
3.1 |
5.8 |
3.8 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
13.9 |
86.1 |
| Stayed about the same |
58.3 |
68.8 |
54.9 |
50.7 |
46.1 |
57.8 |
58.3 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Change in Percentage of Eligible Employees Choosing to Participate in
Health Plans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Increased |
13.5 |
6.7 |
19.2 |
13.6 |
17.5*** |
11.9 |
23.9* |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
100.0* |
| Decreased |
6.7 |
8.8 |
3.7 |
5.8 |
8.9 |
7.0 |
4.4 |
16.0 |
0.0 |
8.3 |
75.7 |
| Stayed about the same |
79.9 |
84.5 |
77.1 |
80.7 |
73.6 |
81.1 |
71.7 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Change in Percentage of Eligible Employees Electing Dependent Coverage
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Increased |
8.8 |
6.3 |
7.5 |
14.8 |
12.6** |
7.3 |
19.5** |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
100.0 |
| Decreased |
8.6 |
9.7 |
7.5 |
6.7 |
10.4 |
8.9 |
6.9 |
12.5 |
12.9 |
2.4 |
72.3 |
| Stayed about the same |
82.6 |
84.0 |
85.0 |
78.5 |
77.0 |
83.8 |
73.6 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Change in the Number of Health Plan Choices Offered |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Increased |
8.4 |
10.4 |
5.6 |
9.1 |
8.9 |
8.0 |
11.0 |
13.1 |
0.0 |
11.9 |
75.0 |
| Decreased |
5.5 |
5.1 |
3.4 |
9.2 |
7.8 |
5.6 |
5.0 |
15.6 |
8.0 |
11.7 |
64.7 |
| Stayed the same |
86.1 |
84.5 |
91.0 |
81.7 |
83.3 |
86.4 |
83.9 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Change in any Insurance Coverage from Fee-for-Service to Managed Care
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Medical/surgical |
5.5 |
3.2 |
6.1 |
5.6 |
9.6* |
5.6 |
4.5 |
2.2 |
10.5 |
10.3 |
76.9 |
| Mental health |
4.2 |
2.1 |
4.6 |
5.5 |
7.5* |
4.6 |
1.8* |
3.1 |
14.8 |
14.4 |
67.7 |
| Substance abuse |
4.0 |
2.1 |
4.7 |
3.7 |
7.5* |
4.3 |
1.8* |
3.1 |
14.8 |
14.4 |
67.7 |
| Implementation of a New Employee Assistance Program (EAP)c |
1.4 |
0.0 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
4.7*** |
0.8 |
5.0*** |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
| Change in the Number of Vermont-Based Employees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Increased |
31.8 |
19.3 |
36.3 |
35.8 |
49.1*** |
31.3 |
35.7 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.5 |
99.5 |
| Decreased |
10.0 |
12.1 |
9.6 |
6.2 |
9.1 |
9.7 |
12.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
6.8 |
93.2 |
| Stayed about the same |
58.2 |
68.6 |
54.0 |
58.0 |
41.8 |
59.0 |
52.4 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Change in the Absenteeism Rate of Vermont-Based Employees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Increased |
8.2 |
4.1 |
10.6 |
9.5 |
12.0* |
8.8 |
3.6** |
0.0 |
2.5 |
36.7 |
60.9 |
| Decreased |
4.0 |
2.7 |
4.9 |
4.2 |
5.1 |
4.2 |
2.7 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
| Stayed about the same |
87.8 |
93.2 |
84.4 |
86.3 |
83.0 |
87.1 |
93.7 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Change in the Productivity Level of Vermont-Based Employees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Increased |
28.0 |
27.7 |
29.1 |
25.6 |
28.6* |
26.8 |
37.0* |
0.6 |
1.7 |
0.6 |
97.2 |
| Decreased |
4.4 |
5.9 |
1.3 |
6.4 |
6.1 |
3.9 |
8.5 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
| Stayed about the same |
67.6 |
66.4 |
69.6 |
68.0 |
65.2 |
69.3 |
54.5 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Sources: |
Mathematica Policy Research Survey of Vermont Employers to Assess the
Impact of the Vermont Parity Act. |
| Note: |
The survey includes Vermont businesses that were in operation as of January
1, 1998 and that remained in operation as of the time of the survey (fall
2000). The survey excluded those that had, on average, fewer than five employees
across establishments in calendar year 1999 and businesses operated by federal
and state government entitites. This table is limited to insured businesses
only. |
| a |
Fully insured employers purchase coverage for their employees from an
insurance company or health plan. Self-insured firms pay the claims directly
(or through an arrangement with an administrative-services-only contract). |
| b |
This question was asked only of fully insured employers where someone
had heard of parity. |
| c |
This question was asked only of those with an EAP at the time of the survey. |
| |
|
| n.a. = not applicable; -- = insufficient data. |
| * |
Distribution by firm size or plan funding is significantly different than
what would be expected by change alone, based on a chi-square test (p<.10). |
| ** |
Distribution by firm size or plan funding is significantly different than
what would be expected by change alone, based on a chi-square test (p<.05). |
| *** |
Distribution by firm size or plan funding is significantly different than
what would be expected by change alone, based on a chi-square test (p<.01). |